Key terms and definitions for training analytics
60 terms
A rolling 7-day exponentially weighted average of daily training stress, representing recent fatigue.
The ratio of Acute Load to Chronic Load, used as a proxy for how quickly training load is spiking relative to your baseline.
A dual-axis time-series chart showing power (or pace) and heart rate side by side, highlighting where the two diverge over a long steady effort.
The progressive increase in heart rate during prolonged steady-state exercise without a corresponding increase in power output.
A visualization of the progressive HR increase during a constant-power or constant-pace steady-state effort, expressed as a percentage drift from the first-half average.
A rolling 42-day exponentially weighted average of daily training stress, representing long-term fitness.
The highest power output that can be sustained for a theoretically unlimited duration without fatiguing the aerobic system.
The divergence between power output and heart rate (or pace and heart rate) over the course of a workout.
A real-time estimate of how much of your FRC is currently available, given your recent power output relative to Critical Power.
The ability to maintain power output late in a long effort, despite progressive fatigue from energy expenditure.
The ratio of Weighted Power to average heart rate, reflecting how efficiently the cardiovascular system is delivering power.
A threshold-power estimate derived from fitting an exponential decay model to your power-duration curve, rather than from a single test.
The exercise intensity at which fat oxidation is maximized — typically Zone 2, around 60–70% of FTP for trained cyclists.
The percentage of VO2max that an athlete can sustain at a given intensity, such as FTP.
The total amount of work in kilojoules that can be performed above Critical Power before exhaustion — conceptually the same quantity as W' (W-prime).
The highest average power a rider can sustain for approximately one hour in a maximal effort.
A zoomed chart showing heart rate in the 60–120 seconds following peak effort, measuring how quickly HR drops from its maximum.
A distribution chart showing time in each heart rate zone, mirroring the power zone chart for sports without power data.
The exercise intensity at which blood lactate begins to rise above resting values — approximately Zone 2 in a 7-zone model.
The highest intensity at which lactate production and clearance are in balance — often called the maximal lactate steady state or anaerobic threshold.
The difference between Chronic Load and Acute Load, indicating whether an athlete is fresh, fatigued, or in optimal race form.
A weekly bar chart comparing actual training load against a 4-week rolling baseline, color-coded to show whether each week was under-training, on-target, or overreaching.
A per-workout estimate of training stress, based on duration and relative intensity.
Each discrete effort above Critical Power that depletes a portion of W', referred to as burning a match.
The minimum power required to elicit VO2max, typically achievable for 4–8 minutes in a maximal effort.
The highest average power achieved over a specific duration, extracted from all recorded workouts in a given time window.
An estimate of threshold power (FTP) derived automatically from the Power Duration Curve model, without requiring a dedicated test.
A distribution chart showing running or swimming time spent in each pace zone, derived from critical pace or threshold pace.
A 0–100 score reflecting how evenly distributed an athlete's effort was across an interval or segment.
The systematic structuring of training into phases with varying stress and recovery, designed to produce peak performance at a target event.
The maximum power output a rider can produce, typically measured over a 5-second sprint.
A continuous curve describing the maximum sustainable power output for any given duration, from a few seconds to several hours.
A log-scale chart plotting maximum power against duration from 1 second to several hours, with a fitted model overlay and best-effort dots.
A characterisation of an athlete as a sprinter, puncheur, time trialist, or climber based on the relative shape of their Power Duration Curve.
A bar or donut chart showing how much training time was spent in each power zone over a selected period.
Ranges of power output expressed as percentages of threshold power (FTP), used to categorize exercise intensity for training prescription.
The weekly rate of change in Chronic Load, measured in load units per week.
A graded exercise test in which power is increased by a fixed amount each minute (typically +20 or +25 W/min) until volitional failure.
A composite score combining objective training load data with subjective wellness metrics to indicate how prepared an athlete is to train or race.
The ratio of a workout's Weighted Power to the athlete's threshold power (FTP), expressed as a decimal (e.g., 0.85 = 85% of threshold).
A multi-panel chart showing cadence, stride length, grade-adjusted pace (GAP), and cardiac cost (power per heart rate beat) across a run.
A per-kilometer or per-mile bar chart showing pace deviation from the session average, colored by whether each split was faster or slower than average.
The percentage of power lost from the first to the last in a series of repeated sprints.
The product of weekly training load and monotony, reflecting the combined stress of volume and repetition.
A session summary showing SWOLF score, stroke rate, distance per stroke (DPS), and efficiency trends across pool lengths or open-water segments.
A planned reduction in training volume in the days or weeks before a target race, designed to maximize performance while maintaining fitness.
A time-series chart showing the 42-day fitness trend, 7-day fatigue trend, and load balance over the past several months.
A measure of day-to-day variation in training load; high monotony means training is very similar each day.
A discrete period in a training plan characterized by a specific training emphasis: Base, Build, Peak, Recovery, or Transition.
Average ascent speed in meters per hour, used to compare climbing performance across different gradients.
The ratio of Weighted Power to average power, indicating how variable a workout's intensity was.
A chart or metric displaying the ratio of Weighted Power to average power across a session, showing how variable intensity was.
The maximal glycolytic rate — the maximum rate at which the body can produce lactate through anaerobic energy pathways, expressed in mmol/L/s.
The maximum rate at which the body can consume oxygen during exercise, typically expressed in mL/kg/min.
The remaining anaerobic work capacity at any given moment during a race or workout, dynamically tracking depletion and recovery.
The finite amount of work (in kilojoules) that can be performed above Critical Power before exhaustion.
A time-series chart showing the real-time depletion and recovery of anaerobic work capacity (W') during a workout or race.
Power output normalized to bodyweight, used to compare climbing ability across athletes of different sizes.
A power averaging algorithm that weights harder efforts more heavily, giving a physiologically meaningful single number for a variable-power workout.
A categorical summary showing how workouts are distributed across training types: endurance, tempo, threshold, VO2max, anaerobic, and recovery.