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Running Economy
Mathematical and physiological reference for running economy (RE), the steady-state oxygen cost of running at a submaximal velocity, conventionally expressed as mL O₂ per kg per km. Documents the standard measurement protocol, the determinants that govern individual variation (anthropometric, biomechanical, neuromuscular, metabolic, and footwear), the empirical training adaptations that move RE on multi-month timescales, and the relationship between RE and race performance at the elite level where VO₂max has plateaued.
Mathematical and physiological reference for running economy (RE), the steady-state oxygen cost of running at a submaximal velocity, conventionally expressed as mL O₂ per kg per km. Documents the standard measurement protocol, the determinants that govern individual variation (anthropometric, biomechanical, neuromuscular, metabolic, and footwear), the empirical training adaptations that move RE on multi-month timescales, and the relationship between RE and race performance at the elite level where VO₂max has plateaued.
References
- Saunders PU, Pyne DB, Telford RD, Hawley JA (2004). Factors affecting running economy in trained distance runners. Sports Med 34:465-485. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200434070-00005 · PMID 15233599
- Barnes KR, Kilding AE (2015). Running economy: measurement, norms, and determining factors. Sports Med Open 1:8. doi: 10.1186/s40798-015-0007-y · PMID 27512611
- Joyner MJ, Coyle EF (2008). Endurance exercise performance: the physiology of champions. J Physiol 586:35-44. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.143834 · PMID 17901124
- Lundby C, Robach P (2015). Performance enhancement: what are the physiological limits? Physiology 30:282-292. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00052.2014 · PMID 26136542
- Hoogkamer W, Kipp S, Frank JH, Farina EM, Luo G, Kram R (2018). A comparison of the energetic cost of running in marathon racing shoes. Sports Med 48:1009-1019. doi: 10.1007/s40279-019-01160-3 · PMID 31254244