Metrics

Mathematical and physiological reference for aerobic decoupling, the percentage drift in the power-to-heart-rate (or pace-to-heart-rate) ratio between the first and second halves of a steady aerobic effort, used as an integrated proxy for cardiovascular drift, glycogen depletion, and durability.

Mathematical and physiological reference for cardiac drift, the progressive elevation of heart rate during prolonged constant-power exercise, driven primarily by plasma-volume contraction and thermoregulatory load. Used as a per-session integrated marker of cardiovascular strain and the mechanistic basis underlying aerobic-decoupling analysis.

Mathematical and physiological reference for Efficiency Factor, the ratio of Weighted Power to mean heart rate over a steady aerobic effort, used as a single-number summary of cardiac efficiency at submaximal intensity and the constituent input to aerobic-decoupling analysis.

Mathematical and physiological reference for Grade Adjusted Pace (GAP), the conversion of actual running pace on varying terrain into a flat-equivalent pace using the Minetti gradient-cost polynomial. Documents the empirical metabolic-cost-vs-gradient curve, the asymmetric uphill/downhill penalty structure, the role of GAP in zone-based pacing on hills, and the boundary conditions where the underlying steady-state cost model degrades (steep grades, trail surfaces, fatigue accumulation).

Mathematical and physiological reference for Load Score, the per-effort training-load number computed from duration, Weighted Power, and Intensity, normalised so that one hour at threshold equals 100. Anchors the daily load input to Chronic and Acute Load EWMAs and is the sport-science-anchored summary of training stress per session.

Mathematical and physiological reference for Matches Burned, the count of discrete near-maximal efforts above Critical Power within a session, each estimated to consume a meaningful fraction of W′ (the cyclist's anaerobic work capacity reservoir). Documents the standard match-detection algorithm, the W′-balance integration that underpins the per-match cost estimate, the relationship between match count and race-discipline demands (criterium vs Ironman vs gravel), and the diagnostic value of comparing matches-burned counts across analogous race efforts.

Mathematical and physiological reference for Relative Intensity, the dimensionless ratio of session Weighted Power to threshold power (FTP), used as the per-effort intensity anchor for training-load calculations and as a duration-independent comparator for session difficulty across athletes and rides.

Mathematical and physiological reference for Weighted Power, a non-linear single-number summary of a variable-power effort, computed as the fourth-root of the mean of the fourth-power of a 30-second rolling-average power stream. Approximates the equivalent constant power that would have produced the same physiological cost.